新概念英语丨【第三期】时态（二）：一般过去时用法大全

日期：2017-05-22 10:37 点击：

　　一般过去时

　　(一)定义

　　一般过去时主要用来表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。常与表过去的时间状语连用。如：

　　· He came here yesterday.

　　· We visited Paris last week.
 

　　(二)基本结构

　　一般过去时的句子结构一般为：

　　主语+was/were/did+其他成分

　　如：

　　· She was at the party yesterday evening.

　　· They went to the park this Friday.

　　· He told me that I could leave for Shanghai.
 

　　(三)主要用法

　　1、表过去某个时间会发生的动作或状态

　　· The dog had a house of its own just now.

　　· She came to see me yesterday afternoon.
 

　　2、表过去习惯性或经常性的动作或状态

　　· I smoked a lot when I was a college student.

　　· You were always at home on weekends last month.
 

　　【注意】

　　过去习惯的表达经常会用到used to do，但用了这个短语，往往意味着现在这个习惯已经没有了。如：

　　§ He used to smoke a lot. (他过去烟瘾很重。)

　　

 

　　(四)动词的过去式

　　动词过去式的变化规则主要有：

　　1、+ed

　　大部分动词都直接在词尾加ed。如：played、worked
 

　　2、+d

　　以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接在词尾加d。如：deleted(删除)、faded(消逝)
 

　　3、+ied

　　以辅音+y结尾的动词，要改y为i，再加ed。如：studied、cried
 

　　4、+ked

　　以ic结尾的动词，要先加k再加ed。如：panicked(恐慌)、trafficked(贩运)
 

　　5、双写+ed

　　当单词以重读闭音节结尾时，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped、padded(填塞)
 

　　6、不规则

　　不规则的动词关键在于多识记，如：put-put，come-came，go-went，take-took，lend-lent。

　　

 

　　(五)标志性词语

　　1、yesterday系列

　　这类时间状语主要有：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、the day before yesterday等。如：

　　· I met an old friend on the street the day before yesterday.

　　· The band gave a performance at the bar yesterday evening.
 

　　2、last系列

　　这类时间状语主要是指由“last+时间单位”引导的短语：last Wednesday / last week / last month / last summer / last year等。如：

　　· They spent their holiday in Berlin last month.

　　· She left for Beijing on business last week.
 

　　3、ago系列

　　这个短语的意思是“多长时间之前”，其结构为：时间段+ago。如：

　　· The train left five minutes ago.

　　· The plane arrived an hour ago.
 

　　4、just now

　　该短语表示“刚才”。如：

　　· Our English teacher gave us a lecture on British accent just now.

　　· The principal told us just now that there would be a great change in our school this coming summer.
 

　　5、the other day

　　· I left my handbag on the train to Tokyo the other day.

　　· She ran into her primary school English teacher at the party the other day.
 

　　6、“this+过去时间”系列

　　· She visited the museum this Thursday.

　　· My aunt came here this Tuesday.

　　

 

　　(六)句型转换

　　1、was/were

　　当句子的谓语动词是由was/were引导时，was/were就相当于助动词，其否定句直接在后面加not即可，疑问句只要把was/were提前即可。如：

　　· 原句：Kerry was in her hometown last Sunday.

　　· 否定句：Kerry wasn't in her hometown last Sunday.

　　· 一般疑问句：Was Kerry in her hometown last Sunday?

　　· 划线部分提问：Where was Kerry last Sunday?(提问in her hometown)
 

　　2、did

　　当句子的谓语动词为实义动词(行为动词)时，其否定句和疑问句的变化要借助助动词did。如：

　　· 原句：Kerry showed me around her hometown last Sunday.

　　· 一般疑问句：Did Kerry show you around her hometown last Sunday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

　　· 划线部分提问：When did Kerry show you around her hometown? (提问last Sunday)
 

　　3、非was/were/did

　　当句子的谓语动词为非was/were/did的动词时(即谓语动词中含有情态动词或助动词时)，其否定句和疑问句的变化与was/were的情况相同。如：

　　· 原句：It could be worse.

　　· 否定句：It couldn't be worse.

　　· 一般疑问句：Could it be worse? Yes, it could. / No, it couldn't.

　　· 划线部分提问：What could be worse?(提问it)

　　

 

　　(七)小试牛刀

　　1. He __________(work) in the factory six months ago.

　　2. I __________(see) her on the street last week.

　　3. Mary __________(arrive) at the airport at 7 tomorrow evening.

　　4. The girl __________(have) a cup of coffee now

　　5. When __________ he __________(buy) the car? Last October.

　　6. She __________ (get) up late this morning.

　　7. She __________(not paint) the desk next Friday.

　　8. My father __________(meet) one of his schoolmates at the party the other day.

　　9. __________ (be) you here just now? No, I __________(be not) here.

　　10. He __________ (put) on a coat because it was very cold yesterday.
 

　　【参考答案】

　　1. worked

　　2. saw

　　3. will arrive

　　4. is having

　　5. did, buy

　　6. got

　　7. will not paint / won't paint

　　8. met

　　9. Were, wasn't / was not

　　10. put

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