新概念英语-工作“到7点”是By 7pm还是Until 7pm？

As a preposition of time, “by” means before a specific time.

作为放在时间前的介词，by的意思是在特定的时间之前。

“by” shows a time limit for something to happen.

by展示出了某事发生的时间范围限制。

An event must happen before a specific time is reached.

就是事件必须在到达特定时间之前发生。

例：

Please send me the report by Tuesday.

请在星期二之前把报告发给我。

(I must receive it before Tuesday. The deadline is Tuesday 我必须在星期二之前收到。截止日期是星期二)

Jane would like to lose 3 kg by June.

简想在六月前减重3公斤。

(She would like to lose 3kg before June.)

她想在六月前减掉3公斤。

We often use “by” for projects with deadlines.

我们经常用by在项目的最后期限前。

All job applications must be received by the 15th July.

所有工作申请必须在7月15日前收到。

We often use “by” to say when someone will return:

我们经常用by来表示某人什么时候回来

例：

Mark: Where is Jane?

简在哪里？

David: She is in London. She’ll be back by Saturday.

她在伦敦。她将在星期六之前回来。

As a preposition of time, “until” describes a continuous action that stops at a specific time.

作为时间介词，until描述一个在特定时间停止的连续动作。

“until” describes the duration of an action before a specific time.

until描述动作在特定时间之前的持续发生。

例：

I’m staying in New York until Friday.

我要在纽约待到星期五。

I’m really tired. Last night I watched a film until midnight.

我真的很累。昨晚我看了一场电影直到午夜。

Mark lived in Manchester until 2010.

2010年之前，马克一直住在曼彻斯特。