这些必须会 小学常用英语句型大全

日期：2017-11-29 11:25 点击：

小学英语，我们不仅需要学习必备的英语单词和英语语法，还需要掌握一些必备的英语句型。学会了这些常用的短句，对我们听说读写都是非常有帮助的，下面小编就给大家整理了小学阶段必须掌握的英语句型。

I 询问姓名、年龄。

1. ----What’s your name? ----你叫什么名字?

----My name is ________. ----我叫„„。

2. ----How old are you? ----你几岁了?

----I’m 12. ----我十二岁。

II 询问颜色。

1. ----What colour is it? ----它是什么颜色的?

----It’s yellow and white. ----黄白相间。

2. ----What colour are they? ----它们是什么颜色的? ----They’re green. ----绿色的。

III 询问数量或价钱。

1. ----How many kites can you see? ----你可以看见几只风筝? -------I can see 12. ----我可以看见十二只风筝。

2. ----How many crayons do you have? ----你有多少支彩笔? -------I have 16. ----我有十六支。

3.-----How many people are there in your family?

----你家有几口人?

-------Three. ----三口人。

4.-----How much is this dress? ----这条连衣裙多少钱? -------It’s ninety-nine yuan. ----九十九元。

5.-----How much are these apples? ----这些苹果多少钱? -------They’re thirty-five yuan. ----三十五元。

IV 询问时间或日期。

1. --What time is it now? ----现在几点钟?

-----It’s nine o’clock.It’s time for English class.九点。该上英语课了。

-----It’s eight o’clock. It’s time to go to bed. 八点。该上床睡觉了。

2.--What day is it today? ----今天星期几?

----It’s Monday. ----星期一。

----What do we have on Mondays? ----我们星期一上哪些课? ----We have Chinese, English, math „----语文、英语、数学„„

3.----When is your birthday? ----你的生日是什么时候?

------It’s October 1st, our National Day.---十月一日，国庆节。

4.----When do you do morning exercises?

---你们什么时候做早锻炼?

------I usually do morning exercises at 8:30.

--我们通常8：30做早锻炼。

V 询问方位或地方。

1. ----Where is my toy car? ----我的玩具汽车在哪儿?

-------It’s here, under the chair. ----在这儿，在椅子下面。

2.----Where is the canteen? ----餐厅在哪儿?

------It’s on the first floor ----在一楼。

3. ---Where are the keys? ----钥匙在哪儿?

------They’re in the door. ----在门上。

4.--Excuse me. Where is the library, please? 对不起，请问图书馆在哪儿?

----It’s near the post office. ----在邮局附近。

5. ---Where are you from? ----你从哪儿来?

------I’m from China. ----我从中国来。

6. ---Where does the rain come from? ----雨是从哪儿来的? ------It comes from the clouds. ----它是从云层里来的。 VI 询问想吃的东西。

1.----What would you like for breakfast / lunch / dinner ? 你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃点什么?

------I’d like some bread and milk / rice and soup. 我想吃面包和牛奶/米饭和汤。

2.----What’s for breakfast / lunch / dinner?

---早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什么?

------Hamburgers and orange juice. ----汉堡包和橙汁。 VII 询问天气状况。

1.----What’s the weather like in Beijing?

----北京的天气如何?

------It’s rainy today. How about New York?

今天是雨天。纽约呢?

------It’s sunny and hot. ----今天是晴天，天气很热。

VIII 询问身体状况或情绪。

1. ----How do you feel? ----你感觉如何?

----I feel sick. ----我觉得不舒服。

2. ----What’s the matter? ----怎么了?

----My throat is sore. / I have a sore throat.---我的喉咙疼。

3. ----How are you, Sarah? You look so happy.

---你好吗，莎拉?你看起来这么伤心。

----I failed the math test. ----我的数学考试没有通过。 IX 询问职业、身份或人物。

1.----What’s your father / mother?

---你的父亲 / 母亲是做什么的?

----He’s a doctor. / She’s a teacher.-

--他是一名医生。/ 她是一名教师。

2.----What does your mother / father do? -

--你的母亲 / 父亲是做什么的?

----She’s a TV reporter. / He’s a teacher. He teaches English. 她是一名电视台记者。/他是一名教师。他教英语。

3.----Who’s that man / woman? ----那位男士 / 女士是谁? ----He’s my father. / She’s my mother.

他是我父亲。 / 她是我母亲。

4.----Who’s this boy / girl? ----那个男孩儿 / 女孩儿是谁? ----He’s my brother. / She’s my sister.

--他是我兄弟。 / 她是我姐妹。

5.----Who’s your art teacher? ----你们的美术老师是谁? ----Miss Wang. ----王老师。

----What’s she like? ----她长什么样儿?

----She’s young and thin. ----她很年轻、苗条。

学英语主要句型汇总

I 询问姓名、年龄：name，How old

1. ----What’s your name? ----你叫什么名字? ----My name is ________. ----我叫„„。

2. ----What’s his name? ----他的名字是什么?

----His name is Mike. ----他的名字是麦克。

3. ----What’s her name? ----她的名字是什么?

----Her name is Chen Jie.----她的名字是陈婕。

4. ----How old are you? ----你几岁了?

----I’m 12. ----我十二岁。

5. ----How old is he/she? ----他/她几岁了?

----He/She is 23. ----他/她23岁。

II 询问颜色：colour

1. ----What colour is it? ----它是什么颜色的? ----It’s yellow and white. ----黄白相间。

2. ----What colour are they? ----它们是什么颜色的? ----They’re green. ----绿色的。

III 询问时间或日期：When

1. ----What time is now? --现在几点钟?

It’s nine o’clock.. It’s time for English class. ----九点。该上英语课了。

(----It’s eight o’clock. It’s time to gobed.) (----八点。该上床睡觉了。)

2. ----What day is it today? ----今天星期几? ----It’s Monday. ----星期一。

----What do we have on Mondays? ----我们星期一上哪些课? ----We have Chinese, English, math „ ----语文、英语、数学„„

3. ----When is your birthday? ----你的生日是什么时候? ----It’s October 1st, our National Day. 十月一日.国庆节。

4. ----When do you do morning exercises? ----你们什么时候做早锻炼?

----I usually do morning exercises at 8:30. ----我们通常8：30做早锻炼。

IV 询问方位或地方：Where

1. ----Where is my toy car? ----我的玩具汽车在哪儿?

----It’s here, under the chair. ----在这儿.在椅子下面。

2. ----Where is the canteen? ----餐厅在哪儿?

----It’s on the first floor. ----在一楼。

3. ----Where are the keys? ----钥匙在哪儿? ----They’re in the door. ----在门上。

4. ----Excuse me. Where is the library, please? ----对不起.请问图书馆在哪儿?

----It’s near the post office. ----在邮局附近。

5. ----Where are you from? ----你从哪儿来?

----I’m from China. ----我从中国来。

6. ----Where does the rain come from? ----雨是从哪儿来的? ----It comes from the clouds. ----它是从云层里来的。

V 询问数量或价钱：How many ， How much

1. ----How many kites can you see? ----你可以看见几只风筝? ----I can see 12. ----我可以看见十二只风筝。

2. ----How many crayons do you have? ----你有多少支彩笔? ----I have 16. ----我有十六支。

3. ----How many people are there in your family?

----你家有几口人? ----Three. ----三人。

4. ----How much is this dress? ----这条连衣裙多少钱? ----It’s ninety-nine yuan. ----九十九元。

5. ----How much are these apples? ----这些苹果多少钱? ----They’re thirty-five yuan. ----三十五元。 XVI “How”问句：How tall, How heavy, How long

1. ----How tall are you? ----你有多高?

----I’m 160 cm tall. I’m taller than you. ----我有160公分。我比你高。

2. ----How heavy are you? ----你有多重? ----I’m 48 kg. You’re heavier than me

----我有48公斤。你比我重。

3. ----How do you go to school? ----你怎么上学? ----Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike. ---我通常步行上学。有时候骑自行车。

4. ----How can I get to Zhongshan Park? ----我怎么到中山公园去?

----You can go by the No. 15 bus. ----你可以乘坐15路公汽。

(----Go straight for five minutes. Then turn left. It’s on the left.) ----直走五分钟。然后左转。公园就在左边。

5. How long 有多长?

VIII询问身体状况或情绪：feel, matter

1. ----How do you feel? ----你感觉如何?

----I feel sick. ----我觉得不舒服。

----How does Chen Jie feel? ----陈洁感觉如何? ----She’s tired. ----她很疲倦。

2. ----What’s the matter? ---怎么了?

----My throat is sore. / I have a sore throat. ----我的喉咙疼。

3. ----How are you, Sarah? You look so happy. ----你好吗.莎拉?你看起来这么伤心。

----I failed the math test. ----我的数学考试没有通过。 VI 询问想吃的东西：would like

1. ----What would you like for breakfast / lunch / dinner ? ----你早餐/中餐/晚餐想吃点什么?

----I’d like some bread and milk / rice and

soup. ----我想吃面包和牛奶/米饭和汤。

2. ----What’s for breakfast / lunch / dinner? ----早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什么?

----Hamburgers and orange juice. ----汉堡包和橙汁。 VII 询问天气状况：weather

1. ----What’s the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天气如何? ----It’s rainy today. How about New York? 今天是雨天。纽约呢?

----It’s sunny and hot. ---今天是晴天.天气很热。 IX 询问职业、身份或人物：Who , What

1. ----What’s your father / mother? ----你的父亲 / 母亲是做什么的?

----He’s a doctor. / She’s a teacher. ----他是一名医生。/ 她是一名教师。

2. ----What does you mother / father do? ----你的母亲 / 父亲是做什么的?

----She’s a TV reporter. / He’s a teacher. He teaches English.

----她是一名电视台记者。/他是一名教师。他教英语。

3. ----Who’s that man / woman? ----那位男士 / 女士是谁? ----He’s my father. / She’s my mother. ----他是我父亲。 / 她是我母亲。

4, ----Who’s this boy / girl? ----那个男孩儿 / 女孩儿是谁? ----He’s my brother. / She’s my sister. ----他是我兄弟。 / 她是我姐妹。

5. ----Who’s your art teacher? ----你们的美术老师是谁? ----Miss Wang. ----王老师。 ----What’s she like? ----她长什么样儿? ----She’s young and thin. ----她很年轻、苗条。

X 询问兴趣、喜好：favourite

1. ----What’s your favourite food / drink? ----你最喜欢的食物 / 饮料是什么?

----Fish / orange juice. ----鱼。 / 橙汁。

2. ----What’s your favourite season? ----你最喜欢的季节是什么----Winter. ----冬天

----Which season do you like best? (----你最喜欢哪个季节? ----Winter.) ---冬天。)

----Why do you like winter? ----你为什么喜欢冬天? ----Because I can make a snowman. ----因为可以堆雪人。

3. ----What’s your hobby? ----你的爱好是什么? ----I like collecting stamps. ----我喜欢集邮。 ----What’s his hobby? ----他的爱好是什么? ----He likes riding a bike. ----他喜欢骑自行车。

4. ----Do you like peaches? ----你喜欢吃桃子吗? ----Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. ----喜欢。/ 不喜欢。 XI 询问平时一般做的事情：What

1. ----What do you do on Saturdays / on the

weekends? ----你星期六 / 周末一般做什么?

----I usually do my homework. Sometimes I play

football. ----我通常做作业.有时候踢足球。

XII 询问正在做的事情：What + -ing

1. ----What are you doing? ----你在做什么? ----I’m doing the dishes. ----我在洗盘子。

2. ----What’s your father doing? ----你父亲正在做什么? ----He’s writing an e-mail. ----他正在写电子邮件。

3. ----What’s the tiger doing? ----那只老虎在干什么? ----It’s running. ----它在奔跑。

4. ----What are the elephants doing? ----那些大象在干什么? ----They’re drinking. ----它们正在喝水。 XIII 询问将要做的事情：What/Where/When + going

1. ----What are you going to do? ----你准备做什么? ----I’m going to the cinema. ----我准备去看电影。 ----When are you going to do? ----你准备什么时候去? ----This afternoon. ----今天下午。

2. ----where are you going this afternoon? ----今天下午你准备到哪儿去?

----I’m going to the bookstore. ----我准备到书店去。 ----What are you going to buy? ----你打算买点儿什么? ----I’m going to buy a comic book. ----我准备买本漫画书。 XIV 询问曾经做的事情：

1. ----Where did you go last weekend / yesterday / on your holiday?

----你上周末/昨天/假期到哪儿去了?

----I went to Wuhan. ----我去了武汉。

2. ----How did you go there? ----你怎么去的? ----I went by train. ----我坐火车去的。

3. ----What did you do there? ----你在那儿做了些什么?

----I went shopping. ----我去购物了。 XV 一般疑问句：

1. ----Is this your bedroom? ----这是你的卧室吗? ----Yes, it is. ----是的。

----Is your sister in the living room? ---你姐姐在客厅吗? ----No, she isn’t. / Yes, she is. ----不在。/ 在。

2. ----Is this your skirt? ----这是你的短裙吗? ----Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. ----是的。/ 不是。

3. ----Is your English teacher young? 你的英语老师年轻吗? ----Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. -是的。/不.她不年轻。

4. -Are these / those / they cucumbers?这些 / 那些是黄瓜吗? ----Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. -是的。/ 不是的。

5. ----Is there a river in the park? 公园里有一条小河吗? ----Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. ----有。/ 没有。 ----Are there any bridges in your village? ----你们村子里有桥吗?

----Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. ---有。/ 没有。

6. ----Can I wear my new shirt today? 我今天可以穿新衬衫吗? ----Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. ----可以。/ 不可以。

7. ----Can you wash your clothes? --你会洗衣服吗? ----Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. ----会。/ 不会。

8. ----Does your pen pal live in Shanghai?你的笔友住在上海吗?

----No, he doesn’t. He lives in Beijing---不.他住在北京。

9. ----Does she teach English? ----她教英语吗? ----No, she doesn’t. She teaches math. ----不.她教数学。

10. ----Did you read books yesterday? --你昨天读书了吗? ----Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. --读了。/ 没读。 XVII 其他：

1. ----What’s in the classroom? ---教室里有什么? ----A board, six lights, three fans, many desks and chairs. ----一块黑板、六盏灯.三把电扇和许多桌椅。

2. What about you? / How about you? ----你呢?

3. I like the white sweater with the green skirt. ----我喜欢这件白毛衣配这条绿短裙。

4. ----Whose is it? ---它是谁的?It’s mine / yours / his / hers.

是我的。/ 你的。/ 他的。/ 她的。

5. ----What can you do? ----你会做什么? ----I’m helpful. I can sweep the floor and do the dishes. ----我很能干。我会扫地、洗盘子。

6. ----What’s your bedroom like? ----你的卧室是什么样儿的? ----There is a big closet and a new mirror. There are blue curtains.

----卧室里有一个大衣橱和一面新镜子。还有蓝色的窗帘。

我们现在学过的大多数句型，在一般情况下(就是不排除有特殊情况)都可以用简单的公式来记忆。

I.陈述句(肯定句，否定句)

1.肯定句：1) 主语+be动词+„.

*I am a teacher.

He is a doctor.

They are students.

2) 主语+do动词的不同形式+„.

I play computer games everyday.

He plays computer games everyday.

We played computer games yesterday.

2.否定句：1) 主语+be动词+not+„.

I am not a teacher.

He is not a doctor.

They’re not students.

2) 主语+助动词+not+do动词原形+„.

*I don’t play computer games everyday. He doesn’t play computer games everyday We didn’t play computer games everyday

3.Exercises:

肯定句变否定句：

1)I am in Class Four, Grade Five.

_______________________________

2) He is funny. _______________________________

3) They are friends. _____________________________________

4) I have a pen. _________________________

5) He has a pencil. ________________________________

6) They ate breakfast yesterday. _________________________________

II.疑问句(一般疑问句，特殊疑问句)

1. 一般疑问句：

1)问：be动词+主语+„? (与前面讲过的肯定句句式比较一下) 答：Yes, 主语+be动词。/No, 主语+be动词+not.

*Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Is he a doctor? Yes, he is. No, he is not.

Are they students? Yes, they are. No, they are not.

2) 问：助动词+主语+do动词的原形+„?

答：Yes, 主语+助动词。/No, 主语+助动词+not.

Do you play computer games everyday? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Does he play computer games everyday? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

Did you play computer games yesterday? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t.

2.Exercises:

将下列肯定句变为一般疑问句：

1)I am in Class Four, Grade Five.

_______________________________

2) He is funny. _______________________________

3) They are friends. _____________________________________

4) I have a pen. _________________________

5) He has a pencil. ________________________________

6) They ate breakfast yesterday.

_________________________________

3.特殊疑问句：

1)疑问词+be动词+主语+„.? (与第一个一般疑问句的句式比较一下)

(答句的句式同肯定句句式)

*What are you? (I am a teacher.)

What is he? (He is a doctor.)

What are they? (They’re students.)

2)疑问词+助动词+主语+do动词的原形或do/be+„?

(答句的句式同肯定句句式)

*What do you do every day? When do you play computer games? (I play computer games everyday.)

What does he do every day? When does he play computer games? (He plays computer games everyday.)

What did you do every day? When did you play computer games? (We played computer games yesterday.)

4.Exercise

对划线部分提问：

1)My shirt is green. _______________________________ 2) They are in the super market.

_______________________________ 3) I get up at 6 every morning.

_____________________________________ 4) He plays soccer once a week. _________________________ 5) They ate a big meal at school

yesterday_____________________________